Evaluación del uso de la realidad virtual en psicoterapia como apoyo al tratamiento del trastorno de ansiedad social, La Glosofobia
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Date
2026-04-05
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Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana UNITEC
Abstract
El problema de la glosofobia y las limitaciones de la terapia de exposición in vivo en Honduras, como la falta de recursos y la inseguridad, motivaron esta investigación, la cual evalúa el uso de la realidad virtual (RV) como una alternativa terapéutica.
El estudio se realizó en UNITEC San Pedro Sula utilizando una metodología mixta, cuasiexperimental y transversal. Se expuso a los participantes a dos escenarios virtuales: uno renderizado y otro basado en videos de 360 grados.
Se midieron los niveles de ansiedad antes y después de las sesiones mediante la escala PSAS y la frecuencia cardíaca, usando herramientas como el Oculus Quest y software especializado.
Los resultados mostraron que ambos métodos redujeron significativamente la ansiedad. La RV renderizada arrojó un valor p = 0.0011 y g = 1.40, indicando una alta efectividad, mientras que la RV de 360 grados tuvo un p = 0.009 y g = 0.68, reflejando una efectividad moderada.
El cuestionario IPQ reveló que los participantes percibieron el entorno renderizado como más realista.
En conclusión, la RV se muestra como una opción viable para superar las barreras de la terapia in vivo, con potencial para integrarse en la psicoterapia clínica.
The problem of glossophobia and the limitations of in vivo exposure therapy in Honduras, such as the lack of resources and security concerns, motivated this research, which evaluates the use of virtual reality (VR) as a therapeutic alternative. The study was conducted at UNITEC San Pedro Sula using a mixed, quasi-experimental, and cross-sectional methodology. Participants were exposed to two virtual scenarios: one rendered and another based on 360-degree videos. Anxiety levels were measured before and after the sessions using the PSAS scale and heart rate, with tools such as the Oculus Quest and specialized software. The results showed that both methods significantly reduced anxiety. The rendered VR showed a p-value of 0.0011 and g = 1.40, indicating high effectiveness, while the 360-degree VR had a p-value of 0.009 and g = 0.68, reflecting moderate effectiveness. The IPQ questionnaire revealed that participants perceived the rendered environment as more realistic. In conclusion, VR appears to be a viable option to overcome the barriers of in vivo therapy, with potential for integration into clinical psychotherapy.
The problem of glossophobia and the limitations of in vivo exposure therapy in Honduras, such as the lack of resources and security concerns, motivated this research, which evaluates the use of virtual reality (VR) as a therapeutic alternative. The study was conducted at UNITEC San Pedro Sula using a mixed, quasi-experimental, and cross-sectional methodology. Participants were exposed to two virtual scenarios: one rendered and another based on 360-degree videos. Anxiety levels were measured before and after the sessions using the PSAS scale and heart rate, with tools such as the Oculus Quest and specialized software. The results showed that both methods significantly reduced anxiety. The rendered VR showed a p-value of 0.0011 and g = 1.40, indicating high effectiveness, while the 360-degree VR had a p-value of 0.009 and g = 0.68, reflecting moderate effectiveness. The IPQ questionnaire revealed that participants perceived the rendered environment as more realistic. In conclusion, VR appears to be a viable option to overcome the barriers of in vivo therapy, with potential for integration into clinical psychotherapy.
Keywords
Ansiedad, Glosofobia, SaludMental, Terapia, RealidadVirtual