Propuesta de buenas prácticas para APIs REST escalables y mantenibles con ASP.Net Core
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Date
2025-08-01
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Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana UNITEC
Abstract
El desarrollo de APIs REST se ha convertido en una práctica clave en arquitecturas orientadas a servicios. No obstante, diversos estudios han evidenciado que la falta de buenas prácticas, especialmente en entornos ASP.NET Core, genera problemas críticos de mantenibilidad, escalabilidad y claridad estructural. Esta investigación analiza la relación entre los principios Clean Code, SOLID y Clean Architecture con el diseño estructurado de APIs REST, proponiendo lineamientos técnicos aplicables en ASP.NET Core. El enfoque es cualitativo y descriptivo, basado en el análisis de más de 40 fuentes académicas, normativas internacionales (ISO/IEC 25010), documentación oficial (Microsoft, Google, AWS) y repositorios de código en C#. El diagnóstico identificó deficiencias comunes como acoplamiento excesivo, controladores sobrecargados y baja modularidad. Como resultado, se propone un conjunto de lineamientos organizados y aplicables a nuevos desarrollos o refactorizaciones. Se concluye que su adopción sistemática mejora la estructura interna del software, la eficiencia del equipo y su alineación con estándares industriales.
The development of REST APIs has become a key practice in service-oriented architecture. However, several studies have shown that the lack of good practices, especially in ASP.NET Core environment, leads to critical issues regarding maintainability, scalability, and structural clarity. This research analyzes the relationship between Clean Code principles, SOLID, and Clean Architecture with the structured design of REST APIs, proposing technical guidelines applicable in ASP.NET Core. The approach is qualitative and descriptive, based on the analysis of over 40 academic sources, international standards (ISO/IEC 25010), official documentation (Microsoft, Google, AWS), and C# code repositories. The diagnostic phase identified common deficiencies such as excessive coupling, overloaded controllers, and low modularity. As a result, a set of guidelines is proposed, applicable to both new developments and refactoring processes. The study concludes that their systematic adoption improves the internal structure of the software, team efficiency, and alignment with industry standards.
The development of REST APIs has become a key practice in service-oriented architecture. However, several studies have shown that the lack of good practices, especially in ASP.NET Core environment, leads to critical issues regarding maintainability, scalability, and structural clarity. This research analyzes the relationship between Clean Code principles, SOLID, and Clean Architecture with the structured design of REST APIs, proposing technical guidelines applicable in ASP.NET Core. The approach is qualitative and descriptive, based on the analysis of over 40 academic sources, international standards (ISO/IEC 25010), official documentation (Microsoft, Google, AWS), and C# code repositories. The diagnostic phase identified common deficiencies such as excessive coupling, overloaded controllers, and low modularity. As a result, a set of guidelines is proposed, applicable to both new developments and refactoring processes. The study concludes that their systematic adoption improves the internal structure of the software, team efficiency, and alignment with industry standards.
Keywords
APIs REST, ASP.NET Core, Buenas Prácticas de Desarrollo, Clean Architecture