Análisis estratégico de las empresas en el sector construcción y su impacto económico en la generación de empleo y valor agregado en el tiempo de pandemia en el Distrito Central
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Date
2021-04-01
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana UNITEC
Abstract
El propósito de la presente investigación es analizar como las empresas del sector construcción ubicadas en el municipio del Distrito Central, ciudad de Tegucigalpa, se ven afectadas a raíz de la pandemia generada por el virus COVID-19, identificando las estrategias comerciales utilizadas, señalando si estas aportaron a la generación de empleo, el tipo de valor agregado y la percepción de la inversión en el sector. Con este fin en mente se llevó a cabo la investigación de enfoque mixto, tanto cualitativo como cuantitativo; con un alcance descriptivo y un diseño no experimental, ya que no se pretende realizar ninguna manipulación intencional de variables, solo analizar y recolectar datos sobre las mismas. La recopilación de la información se realizó mediante el uso de dos instrumentos: En primer lugar, se efectuó una encuesta, la cual fue dirigida a 150 personas que laboran en empresas del sector construcción; y se utilizó una entrevista dirigida a 5 expertos profesionales que trabajan en el medio. Lo expuesto anteriormente, dio como resultado los siguientes hallazgos tanto cualitativos y cuantitativos: en relación al aspecto cualitativo, se observa que el valor agregado percibido que aportan las estrategias comerciales según el 58% de la muestra, fue en el aumento de las ventas o servicios de las organizaciones; y un 93.33% aseveran que estas fueron percibidas de manera positiva por parte de sus clientes. El aspecto cuantitativo presenta que, debido a las restricciones y dificultades generadas por la pandemia, se identificó que las empresas utilizaron nuevas estrategias comerciales, entre las cuales destacan según el 46.69% de los encuestados, el uso de las redes, del WhatsApp y la creación de páginas webs. Además, se identificó que el 41.64% del capital humano de las empresas del sector, consideran que no hubo un incremento en la inversión público-privada de proyectos, y un 70.24% de los encuestados afirman que ha existido una disminución de capital humano en las organizaciones, no hubo un aumento en la generación de empleo, por la misma reducción o congelamiento de obras.
The purpose of this research is to analyse how companies in the construction sector located in the municipality of the Central District, city of Tegucigalpa, are affected as a result of the pandemic generated by the COVID-19 virus, identifying the commercial strategies used, indicating whether These contributed to the generation of employment, the type of added value and the perception of investment in the sector. With this aim in mind, the research with a mixed approach, both qualitative and quantitative, was carried out; with a descriptive scope and a non-experimental design, since it is not intended to carry out any intentional manipulation of variables, only to analyse and collect data on them. The compilation of the information was carried out through the use of two instruments: First, a survey was carried out, which was directed to 150 people who work in companies in the construction sector; and an interview directed to 5 professional experts who work in the medium was used. The foregoing resulted in the following qualitative and quantitative findings: in relation to the qualitative aspect, it is observed that the perceived added value provided by the commercial strategies, according to 58% of the sample, was the increase in sales or services of the organizations; and 93.33% stated that these were perceived positively by their customers. The quantitative aspect shows that, due to the restrictions and difficulties generated by the pandemic, it was identified that the companies used new commercial strategies, among which stand out, according to 46.69% of the respondents, the use of networks, WhatsApp and the creation of web pages. In addition, it was identified that 41.64% of the human capital of the companies in the sector, consider that there was no increase in public-private investment in projects, and 70.24% of those surveyed affirm that there has been a decrease in human capital in the organizations, there was no increase in the generation of employment, due to the same reduction or freezing of works.
The purpose of this research is to analyse how companies in the construction sector located in the municipality of the Central District, city of Tegucigalpa, are affected as a result of the pandemic generated by the COVID-19 virus, identifying the commercial strategies used, indicating whether These contributed to the generation of employment, the type of added value and the perception of investment in the sector. With this aim in mind, the research with a mixed approach, both qualitative and quantitative, was carried out; with a descriptive scope and a non-experimental design, since it is not intended to carry out any intentional manipulation of variables, only to analyse and collect data on them. The compilation of the information was carried out through the use of two instruments: First, a survey was carried out, which was directed to 150 people who work in companies in the construction sector; and an interview directed to 5 professional experts who work in the medium was used. The foregoing resulted in the following qualitative and quantitative findings: in relation to the qualitative aspect, it is observed that the perceived added value provided by the commercial strategies, according to 58% of the sample, was the increase in sales or services of the organizations; and 93.33% stated that these were perceived positively by their customers. The quantitative aspect shows that, due to the restrictions and difficulties generated by the pandemic, it was identified that the companies used new commercial strategies, among which stand out, according to 46.69% of the respondents, the use of networks, WhatsApp and the creation of web pages. In addition, it was identified that 41.64% of the human capital of the companies in the sector, consider that there was no increase in public-private investment in projects, and 70.24% of those surveyed affirm that there has been a decrease in human capital in the organizations, there was no increase in the generation of employment, due to the same reduction or freezing of works.
Keywords
Estrategia Comercial, Empleo, Valor Agregado, Pandemia, Inversión Sector Construcción