Diseño de un modelo para un sistema de información de laboratorio clínico para CIS del Níspero, Santa Bárbara, Honduras.
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Date
2026-04-05
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Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana UNITEC
Abstract
La implementación de un sistema de información de laboratorio (LIS) es esencial para mejorar la precisión y eficiencia en los procesos de laboratorios clínicos. En el Centro Integral de Salud (CIS) del Níspero, Santa Bárbara, Honduras, se sigue utilizando expedientes clínicos en formatos físicos, lo cual incrementa la posibilidad de errores e ineficiencias en el manejo manual de datos. En este contexto, se propuso un LIS adaptado específicamente a las necesidades del CIS, cuya funcionalidad fue verificada mediante una herramienta de evaluación que establece diversos requisitos para la operatividad de un laboratorio básico en un entorno de recursos limitados. Se implementó una metodología en cascada dividida en seis etapas: mapeo de requisitos, diseño de modelo, adaptación, pruebas integrales, verificación e implementación. Adicionalmente, se aplicó una encuesta al personal involucrado en los procesos de laboratorio clínico para evaluar su percepción, nivel de satisfacción y posibles resistencias al cambio. A través del mapeo de requisitos establecidos en la herramienta de evaluación, se alcanzó un 48% de funcionalidad y un 88% de adaptabilidad entre los formatos físicos y el LIS propuesto. De manera complementaria, la encuesta aplicada al personal involucrado reveló una percepción positiva hacia el proceso de cambio de procedimientos manuales al uso de un LIS, indicando un alto nivel de aceptación y satisfacción. Estos resultados subrayan que la implementación del LIS-GNU puede satisfacer las necesidades básicas del laboratorio, optimizando significativamente la atención médica en entornos de recursos limitados.
The implementation of a laboratory information system (LIS) is essential to improve accuracy and efficiency in clinical laboratory processes. The Integral Health Center of El Níspero, Santa Bárbara, Honduras, continues to use physical clinical records, which increases the possibility of errors and inefficiencies in manual data management. In this context, a LIS specifically adapted to the needs of the CIS was proposed, whose functionality was verified by means of an evaluation tool that establishes various requirements for the operability of a basic laboratory in a resource-limited environment. A cascade methodology was implemented in six stages: requirements mapping, model design, adaptation, comprehensive testing, verification and implementation. Additionally, a survey was applied to the personnel involved in the clinical laboratory processes to evaluate their perception, level of satisfaction and possible resistance to change. Through the mapping of requirements established in the evaluation tool, 48% of functionality and 88% of adaptability between the physical formats and the proposed LIS were achieved. In a complementary manner, the survey applied to the personnel involved revealed a positive perception towards the process of changing from manual procedures to the use of a LIS, indicating a high level of acceptance and satisfaction. These results underline that the implementation of the LIS-GNU can meet basic laboratory needs, significantly optimizing medical care in resource-limited environments.
The implementation of a laboratory information system (LIS) is essential to improve accuracy and efficiency in clinical laboratory processes. The Integral Health Center of El Níspero, Santa Bárbara, Honduras, continues to use physical clinical records, which increases the possibility of errors and inefficiencies in manual data management. In this context, a LIS specifically adapted to the needs of the CIS was proposed, whose functionality was verified by means of an evaluation tool that establishes various requirements for the operability of a basic laboratory in a resource-limited environment. A cascade methodology was implemented in six stages: requirements mapping, model design, adaptation, comprehensive testing, verification and implementation. Additionally, a survey was applied to the personnel involved in the clinical laboratory processes to evaluate their perception, level of satisfaction and possible resistance to change. Through the mapping of requirements established in the evaluation tool, 48% of functionality and 88% of adaptability between the physical formats and the proposed LIS were achieved. In a complementary manner, the survey applied to the personnel involved revealed a positive perception towards the process of changing from manual procedures to the use of a LIS, indicating a high level of acceptance and satisfaction. These results underline that the implementation of the LIS-GNU can meet basic laboratory needs, significantly optimizing medical care in resource-limited environments.
Keywords
GNU Health, Gestión de datos clínicos, Salud digital, Sistema de información de laboratorio