Prototipo de transmisor de radio FM para la comunidad de Ojojona
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2025-09-05
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Centro Universitario Tecnológico CEUTEC
Abstract
Este proyecto se centra en el diseño y construcción de un transmisor de radio FM de baja potencia como solución de comunicación comunitaria para Ojojona, Honduras. La iniciativa surge ante la carencia de medios accesibles para la difusión de contenido educativo, cultural y de interés general. El transmisor, que opera en la frecuencia 102.1 MHz, fue desarrollado con un enfoque técnico riguroso, utilizando un circuito oscilador LC, modulación por frecuencia, amplificación mediante transistores 2N2222 y un filtro pasa-banda para asegurar la calidad y estabilidad de la señal. Durante su desarrollo, se lograron pruebas exitosas de transmisión, confirmando la estabilidad de la frecuencia y la pureza de la señal portadora. Aunque el alcance actual es limitado a aproximadamente 100 metros, el sistema cumple con sus objetivos iniciales y se establece como una base funcional para futuras ampliaciones. Se comprobó la versatilidad del transmisor al adaptarse a distintas fuentes de audio, y se identificó la etapa resonante como crítica para garantizar una transmisión efectiva. Entre los aprendizajes más importantes, destaca la sensibilidad del espectro radioeléctrico ante elementos del entorno como estructuras metálicas o vegetación, así como la necesidad de planificación técnica para mejorar la cobertura. A futuro, se plantea la incorporación de transistores más potentes o amplificadores externos, instalación en ubicaciones elevadas, rediseño de la antena y mejoras en el sistema de refrigeración. Además, se recomienda gestionar las licencias pertinentes ante autoridades como CONATEL para asegurar el cumplimiento normativo y evitar interferencias con otras señales. El proyecto también tiene un impacto formativo, promoviendo el desarrollo de capacidades técnicas dentro de la comunidad y contribuyendo al fortalecimiento de su identidad y participación activa.
This project focuses on the design and construction of a low-power FM radio transmitter as a community communication solution for Ojojona, Honduras. The initiative emerged due to the lack of accessible media for broadcasting educational, cultural, and general interest content. The transmitter, operating at a frequency of 102.1 MHz, was developed with a rigorous technical approach, utilizing an LC oscillator circuit, frequency modulation, amplification through 2N2222 transistors, and a band-pass filter to ensure signal quality and stability. During its development, successful transmission tests were achieved, confirming frequency stability and the purity of the carrier signal. Although the current range is limited to approximately 100 meters, the system meets its initial objectives and serves as a functional foundation for future expansions. The transmitter’s versatility was demonstrated by its ability to adapt to various audio sources, and the resonant stage was identified as critical for ensuring effective transmission. One of the key lessons learned was the sensitivity of the radio spectrum to environmental elements such as metallic structures and vegetation, highlighting the need for technical planning to improve coverage. Future improvements include the incorporation of more powerful transistors or external amplifiers, installation in elevated locations, antenna redesign, and upgrades to the cooling system. In addition, it is recommended to manage the necessary licenses with authorities such as CONATEL to ensure regulatory compliance and avoid interference with other signals. The project also has an educational impact, promoting the development of technical skills within the community and contributing to the strengthening of its identity and active participation.
This project focuses on the design and construction of a low-power FM radio transmitter as a community communication solution for Ojojona, Honduras. The initiative emerged due to the lack of accessible media for broadcasting educational, cultural, and general interest content. The transmitter, operating at a frequency of 102.1 MHz, was developed with a rigorous technical approach, utilizing an LC oscillator circuit, frequency modulation, amplification through 2N2222 transistors, and a band-pass filter to ensure signal quality and stability. During its development, successful transmission tests were achieved, confirming frequency stability and the purity of the carrier signal. Although the current range is limited to approximately 100 meters, the system meets its initial objectives and serves as a functional foundation for future expansions. The transmitter’s versatility was demonstrated by its ability to adapt to various audio sources, and the resonant stage was identified as critical for ensuring effective transmission. One of the key lessons learned was the sensitivity of the radio spectrum to environmental elements such as metallic structures and vegetation, highlighting the need for technical planning to improve coverage. Future improvements include the incorporation of more powerful transistors or external amplifiers, installation in elevated locations, antenna redesign, and upgrades to the cooling system. In addition, it is recommended to manage the necessary licenses with authorities such as CONATEL to ensure regulatory compliance and avoid interference with other signals. The project also has an educational impact, promoting the development of technical skills within the community and contributing to the strengthening of its identity and active participation.
Keywords
Transmisor FM, Ojojona, Modulación de Frecuencia, Circuito Resonante, Diseño Electrónico, Radiodifusión, Amplificador de Potencia